Someone who is professionally involved in politics is normally called a politician.
You can say:
He always dreamed of becoming a politician.
She was a noted politician.
In British parliament, a person who has a seat in parliament is called a member of parliament or MP for short.
You can say:
He was an MP.
Her mother was an MP.
They normally campaign on a lower level and have influence over a certain area (city or district) or certain policies.
I hope that helps!
専門的に政治に関与している人は一般的に politician（政治家）と呼ばれています。
以下のように言うことができます。
He always dreamed of becoming a politician.
彼はいつも政治家になる夢をみていました。
She was a noted politician.
彼女は有名な政治家でした。
イギリスの議会で、議会に席のある人は、a member of parliamentと呼ばれています。
省略してMPと言います。
以下のように言うことができます。
He was an MP.
彼は国会議員でした。
Her mother was an MP.
彼女の母はMPでした。
MPは下院に属す人が多く、市や区など特定のエリアへの影響力を持ちます。
参考になれば幸いです。
"Politician" Is someone who has a professional job in politics.
"Member of parliament" Is someone holds an office in parliament then they are referred to as a Member of Parliment or "MP" for short.
"Politician" （政治家）
とは、政治の仕事を専門的にしている人の事を言います。
"Member of parliament"（国会議員）
とは、国会に事務所を構えている人の事で"Member of Parliament"とも呼ばれ略して "MP"とも呼ばれます。
"Politician"
This term is used to generalize any person that is involved in any aspect of politics. In the U.S. this word is used to describe anyone in politics regardless of political affiliation.
"Government Official"
This term is used to describe a political person who has been elected by country/city/county etc to a speicific position in the government, regardless of the position. If you want to be more specific then you can say what position the person holds such as Governer, Senator, President etc.
The usual name for someone involved in politics in the UK is 'politician.' There are elected individuals known as 'MPs' or Members Of Parliament, and there are also numerous other people involved in politics such as lobbyists and support staff such as advisors and personal assistants.
イギリスでは、政治に関わっている人のことを、politician（政治家）と言います。 'MPs' または Members Of Parliament（代議士）として知られる人たちは選挙で選出されます。
他にも、lobbyists（議案員外陳情者）や advisors（顧問官）、 personal assistants（パーソナルアシスタント）のようなサポートスタッフなど政治に関わる人が多くいます。
Someone who holds elected public office is usually referred to as a "Politician" or a "Political leader". You can use these words in sentences in the following ways:
-When I was growing up, I wanted to be a politician.
-Political leaders are working on making our economy stronger in the next five years.
選挙で選ばれて公職に就く人のことは"Politician"又は"Political leader"と言うことが多いです。
以下、例文です。
-When I was growing up, I wanted to be a politician.
（子どもの頃は、政治家になりたいと思っていた）
-Political leaders are working on making our economy stronger in the next five years.
（政治指導者たちは、この先5年間で経済をより強くすることに取り組んでいます）
「政治」は英語で politics と言いますので、「政治家」は politician になります。複数形は politicians です。
例）
彼は政治家
He's a politician
政治家が言うことを信用してはいけない
One shouldn't believe what politicians say
ご参考になれば幸いです。
A politician is someone who is involved in politics for there job or professionally.
A member of parliament (also called an MP) is someone who are usually elected to represent voters for a particular political party (Labour/Conservative/liberal democrats etc)
a politicianは、職業として政治に関わっている人のことです。
a member of parliament（MPとも呼ばれます）は、通常特定の政党（労働党/保守党/自由民主党など）に所属する、有権者の代表として選出された人をいいます。
Someone who is professionally involved in politics, earns a salary, and holds an office can be called a politician. Politicians work for the government, typically under a party system, and differ in rank.
The meaning of government elected official is luckily exactly how it sounds! It is an official member of government that has been elected either by popular vote or by nomination. It is a longer term for what you may call a 'politician'.
職業として政治に関わり、給与を得て、役職を持つ人のことは"politician"と呼ぶことが出来ます。"politician"は普通政党制度の下、政府のために働き、その階層は様々です。
"government elected official"の意味は、幸運なことにまさに文字通りです！一般投票または指名によって選ばれた政府の正式なメンバーを表します。"government elected official"は"politician"をより長い言葉で表したものです。
A parliamentarian is a person who is a government worker who holds a position specifically in parliament. In the UK this position is also known as a politician or an MP.
However in the USA this position could be called a statesman or stateswoman. It speaks about a person who is involved in politics without mentioning the specific branch of politics.
「政治家」は英語では「politician」と言います。
「politician」は「政治家」という意味の名詞です。
発音は「ポリティシャン」のような感じです。
【例】
I hate politicians.
→政治家は嫌いです。
I want to be a politician.
→政治家になりたいです。
Politicians have short memories.
→政治家は記憶力が悪いです。
I don't trust politicians.
→政治家は信用しません。
ご質問ありがとうございました。
「政治」のことは英語で「politics」といいます。
政治の人又は「政治家」のことは「politician」といいます。
例文：
「その政治家のことをニュースでよく聞く」
→「You hear a lot about that politician on the news」
「昔は政治家になりたかった」
→「I wanted to become a politician a long time ago」
「みんなはその政治家のことが嫌い」
→「Everyone doesn’t like that politician」
ご参考になれば幸いです。
Political figure example sentence: Nelson Mandela was a great political figure from South Africa.
Member of parliament example sentence: My father has been a member of parliament for about three years now.
Government official example sentence: There was a government official who visited my city today to discuss the issue of unemployment
イギリス 
南アフリカ 
アメリカ合衆国 
日本 
