（仕事の）残りどれくらいって英語でなんて言うの？

This question can be asked when you need to know how much headway a person's made in completing their task/ work.

When you want to ask a colleague how much work they have left, then you may ask in the following ways:
-How much work do you have left to do?
-How much more work do you still need to do?
-How long until you're done with your work? [here, you are asking how long it will take them to finish their work.]

This is another way to open up a conversation about how much work your coworker has to do. They should answer by telling you what they have done and what they still need to do. I hope that this helps. :)

If you want to find out just how much work a work colleague still has to do before he/she can complete it, you have to ask. You may also ask indirectly, such as, "how much work have you completed so far?". You may get an answer like "seventy percent", meaning thirty percent of the work is yet to be done. This is just the same as asking, "how much work do you still have to do?" Another indirect way of finding out just how much work the work colleague still has to do is to ask if he/she is almost done with his/her work.
So, you may ask your work colleague any of the following questions:
How much work do you still have to do?
or
Are you almost done with your work?
or
Do you still have a lot of work to do?

How much work do you have left? - "how much ... do you have left" would probably be one of the most common ways of asking the amount of something (work) still needed to be done.

How long till you finish? - This would be asking about the time duration still needed to finish all the work.

How much more work have you got to do? - this has the same meaning as "How much work do you have left? "it's just a different way of phrasing it. Coming from the statement "I have got to do things".

To a colleague at work, you want to ask how much work he/she has left. Any of the above suggestions is good for this case. It really depends if you are interested in the amount of work to be done - or the amount of time the work will take. The second example is more of a time-oriented enquiry.

1.Is the end in sight yet?
This is a casual way of asking someone if they are anywhere
close to completing the task that they are currently busy with.
Another example using "end in sight": There is no end in sight
to this rain. This means that it has been raining so long and
hard that there is no sign that it will cease (end) anytime
soon.

2. Do you still have very far to go?
   This has nothing to do with physical distance but rather
   with enquiring about how much work someone still has
   left to do.

Your example is a very good one and could be used in some official way of speaking but I wrote you one more and a bit more casual.