Technically, I only work until the end of this month.
実質的にはtechnicallyで表現できると思います。
有給はPaid leaveとなりますので、ご質問の日本語を全て訳すと、I quit at the end of next month, but technically I only work until the end of this month because I will be on paid leave next month.
などといった文章が良いと思います。
Essentially, I am only working until the end of this month
In reality, I only have to work until the end of this month
I officially retire at the end of next month but because I'm taking the remainder of my leave...
「実質的には今月末までしか働かない」= Essentially, I am only working until the end of this month / In reality, I only have to work until the end of this month.
「退職自体は来月末だけど、最後の1ヶ月は有給消化で...」= I officially retire at the end of next month but because I'm taking the remainder of my leave...
ボキャブラリー
essentially, in reality = 実質的に
work = 働く
until = まで
the end of this month = 今月末
have to = 必要がある
officially = 正式に
retire = 引退する、退職する
end of next month = 来月末
because = ~のため
take = 取る
remainder = 残り
leave = 休み、休日、年休