If you prefer harder noodles, boil them for a shorter time.
If you like it al dente, don't boil it as long.
If you like a little bite to your noodles, don't boil them all the way.
好きなら = If you like
硬いラーメン = hard ramen --> harder noodles
ゆで = boil (them)
短く = (for a) short(er)
時間 = time.
「Pasta」を使う場合、「it」になります。普通に硬い麺やパスタはイタリア語の外来語、「al dente」ということです。「As long」は「as long as you would normally boil them」の短縮形です。
「All the way」は「最後まで」のような意味があります。