The criminal who was on the run for 10 years turned himself/herself in.
The criminal who escaped for 10 years gave himself/herself in.
「逃亡」→「To escape, to be on the run」
「犯人」→「Criminal」
「自首」→「To turn oneself in, to give oneself in」
全部まとめて言いますと、
「10年逃亡してた犯人が自首してきた」というのは、
「The criminal who was on the run for 10 years turned himself/herself in.」
「The criminal who escaped for 10 years gave himself/herself in.」
と表現します。
どちらでも使えます。