(companies/employers) filter candidates by academic background
(companies/employers) filter by university name first
(companies/employers) choose candidates from the best universities first
「学歴フィルター」= (companies/employers) filter candidates by academic background / (companies/employers) filter by university name first
「学歴フィルターって本当にあるんだね。私の大学で応募したら面接のスケジュール全部埋まってたのに、試しに○○大学に変えて応募したら、空いている日にちいっぱいあったよ」= Companies (employers) really do filter candidates by academic background. When students at my university apply for jobs, their interview schedule fills up immediately but students from ○○ University find it harder to get interviews.