麺が伸びるって英語でなんて言うの？

When the noodles are fresh they feel rich, vigorous, succulent. But the opposite of this, when they become too wet and soft, is mainly referred to as soggy.

The same expression is commonly used when we leave the cereal and milk sitting out for too long " my cereal got soggy " .

"Stale" is also the dull state of food, commonly used with potato chips when you leave the bag open for too long.
The chips become stale but this could also be used with noodles.

"limp" noodles is another form to express that the noodles are so wet that they slip off your chopsticks, it's really hard to hold them because "they went limp" (this is a more casual expression)

'Soggy' is an appropriate word for noodles that are too soft. With rice we sometimes say 'starchy' if the rice is overcooked

We can use the word "soggy" to express how the noodles would get if they stay in the soup too long.
The word "soggy" means mushy, pappy, squishy etc.

Soggy is an adjective that refers to things that can absorb water, especially food. The food becomes unpleasantly wet and soft.
For example:
"I hate it when cereal goes soggy."

When we cook pasta or noodles...( a very popular dishe globally)
it is very important NOT to boil them for too long...
Otherwise they become "soggy" :-(
Al Dente is the ideal and prefered texture.

If you want to explain to someone that when you leave noodles in soup for too long they get big and soft, you can say something like "If you leave noodles in soup for too long they will absorb the soup and get soggy." or "Leaving noodles inside soup makes the noodles get big and soggy.".