前回の続きから始めたいって英語でなんて言うの？

You are saying that you would like to continue from the place you that you have stopped in the material.

Any of these sentences are fine for expressing to your teacher that you want to continue from where you ended in the previous lesson.
It may also be a good idea to specify where you got to last lesson.

For example, 'I want to continue from where we got to last lesson, we got to exercise 3 on this material'.

You can use "pick up" as a casual way to say "start" and "left off" for "where we ended." In other words, "can we pick up where we left off" is a casual way to ask if you can continue from where the last lesson ended.

All three of these phrases can be used by a teacher or a student.

All three sentences are polite, correct and very clear about what you would like to do before getting started with that day's material.
The most polite one would maybe be the first one because in that way you are also saying ''if you don't mind'' and in that way you are respecting your teacher's opinion and the teacher will feel as if you appreciated their opinion.

The first expression "Can we continue from where we left off?" is a question and you are asking the teacher if it okay. The second expression "Let's continue from where we left off." you are telling the teacher what you want to do on that day.

A : What do you want to do today?
B : I want to continue where we left off.
A : No problem!

------------------------------------------
C : What would you like to do today?
D : I want to continue with the material that we done in the previous class.
C : Sure!

Hi Ono :-) I hope this helps!

A)We couldn't complete yesterday's lesson would it be ok if we continued with it today please?
Definitions
Couldn't-could not.
Complete- Finish
Continued- Carry on/Begin
Ok-used to express agreement or acceptance.

B)I would like to proceed with yesterdays lesson please
Definitions
Would-past of will
Proceed - Start/begin

1. Here, quite clearly you request to continue the lesson from the point where it stopped last time.
   "Could we start where we left off last time please?"
   "Sure. it was Exercise 4 question 3 I think."
   2.To kick off something = kick something off. To begin something; to hold a party or ceremony to mark the start of something. (Alludes to starting a football game by kicking off the ball for the first play.) To continue the football analogy, you refer to the lesson as 'the game.' This is a slightly hunorous way of saying this.

If you started the exercise with the same teacher then you can say ''Can we pick up where we left off? ''. This idiom means to start at the place you stopped the last time.

If it is a different teacher you can say: ''Do you mind if we skip to exercise three? I've already completed exercises one and two.'' - This tells the teacher that you have already done the first two exercises and would like to start off at exercise three.

Due to time constraints and the number of questions a student may be asking in a particular lesson, certain lessons may not be done up to the last exercise as a result. However, the student may still want to do the exercises that were left undone. He/she may in the next lesson ask the teacher to continue from where they left off in the previous lesson. So, if you are one of those affected in this way, you may say:
I would like us to start with the next exercise in our previous lesson.
or
May we please continue from where we left off in our previous lesson?

Can we continue where we ended the last time please? This
means that we can carry on with the lesson material from
where we ended the last time.

I would like us to resume from where we stopped previously
please. To resume means to continue from the last section that
was completed during the previous lesson.