After she quit her job, she accepted her defeat and returned to her parents' home.
「彼女は仕事を辞めた時、敗退を認めて実家へ帰った」は英語で「After she quit her job, she accepted her defeat and returned to her parents' home.」と言います。「敗北を認める」は英語で「accept one's defeat」と言います。
もう家賃が払えない…!と思った瞬間、彼女は敗退を認めて実家へ帰った。
The moment she realized she couldn't pay her rent anymore, she accepted her defeat and returned to her parents' home.
When she quit her job, she admitted defeat and moved back to her parents' house.
・When she quit her job, she admitted defeat and moved back to her parents' house.
「彼女は仕事を辞めた時、敗退を認めて実家へ帰った」
quit her job(仕事を辞めた)、admitted defeat(敗退を認めた)、moved back to her parents' house(実家へ帰った)の3つの動詞をスムーズに繋げることで伝えられます。
・When she left her job, she threw in the towel and went back to live with her parents.
「彼女は仕事を辞めた時、敗退を認めて(降参して)実家へ帰った」という意味の表現です。